AVP-786 as a promising treatment option for Alzheimer's Disease including agitation
Introduction: To date, there is no FDA-approved treatment for agitation in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Medications currently used off-label have modest clinical efficacy and serious side effects.
Areas covered: The authors review the pharmacology, mechanism of 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option action, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, safety and tolerability data of AVP-786, for the treatment of agitation in AD.
Expert 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option opinion: AVP-786, the deuterated form of dextromethorphan/quinidine (AVP-923) which is an approved treatment for Pseudo-Bulbar Affect, emerges as a promising and safe treatment for agitation in AD. Deuteration is an innovative technology that accelerates drug development by conducting faster and less costly clinical trials. No phase II trial was conducted with 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option AVP-786 for the treatment of agitation in AD; the decision to expedite the development of this drug was based on a successful phase II study with AVP-923. Phase III trials with AVP-786 (TRIAD-1 and TRIAD-2) showed mixed findings probably due to the difference in study design. Future phase III studies should use innovative 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option study designs such as the Sequential Parallel Comparison Design to mitigate high placebo response, and the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory for agitation assessment. They should also include positron emission tomography studies to assess occupancy of various receptors in the brain after AVP-786 is administered.
Keywords: Agitation; alzheimer’s Disease; avp-786; deuteration; dextromethorphan; efficacy; pharmacology; quinidine; safety; tolerability.
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Garay RP, Grossberg GT. Garay RP, et al. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2017 Jan;26(1):121-132. doi: 10.1080/13543784.2017.1267726. Epub 2016 Dec 11. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2017. PMID: 27936965 Review.
Panza F, Solfrizzi V, Seripa D, Imbimbo BP, Santamato A, Lozupone M, Prete 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option C, Greco A, Pilotto A, Logroscino G. Panza F, et al. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2015;16(17):2581-8. doi: 10.1517/14656566.2015.1092520. Epub 2015 Sep 21. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2015. PMID: 26389682 Review.
Antonsdottir 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option IM, Smith J, Keltz M, Porsteinsson AP. Antonsdottir IM, et al. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2015;16(11):1649-56. doi: 10.1517/14656566.2015.1059422. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2015. PMID: 26159445 Review.
Ward K, Citrome L. Ward 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option K, et al. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2022 Aug;31(8):773-780. doi: 10.1080/13543784.2022.2096006. Epub 2022 Jul 6. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2022. PMID: 35763451 Review.
Cummings JL, Lyketsos CG, Peskind ER, Porsteinsson AP, Mintzer JE, Scharre DW, De La Gandara JE, Agronin M, Davis CS, Nguyen U, Shin P, Tariot PN, Siffert J. Cummings JL, et al. JAMA. 2015 Sep 22-29;314(12):1242-54. doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.10214. JAMA. 2015. PMID: 26393847 Clinical Trial.
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Gu X, Lai D, Liu S, Chen K, Zhang P, Chen B, Huang G, Cheng X, Lu C. Gu X, et al. Front Aging Neurosci. 2022 Jul 7;14:949083. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.949083. eCollection 2022. Front Aging Neurosci. 2022. PMID: 35875800 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option Free PMC article.
Veselinović T, Neuner I. Veselinović T, et al. CNS Drugs. 2022 Aug;36(8):819-858. doi: 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option 10.1007/s40263-022-00935-z. Epub 2022 Jul 13. CNS Drugs. 2022. PMID: 35831706 Free PMC article. Review.
Sorrentino 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option JP, Altman RA. Sorrentino JP, et al. ACS Med Chem Lett. 2022 Mar 16;13(4):707-713. doi: 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00055. eCollection 2022 Apr 14. ACS Med Chem Lett. 2022. PMID: 35450379
Bomasang-Layno E, Bronsther R. Bomasang-Layno E, et al. Dela J Public Health. 2021 Sep 27;7(4):74-85. doi: 10.32481/djph.2021.09.009. eCollection 2021 Sep. Dela J Public Health. 2021. PMID: 34604768 Free PMC article. No abstract 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option available.
Khoury R. Khoury R. Neural Regen Res. 2022 May;17(5):1013-1014. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.324842. Neural Regen Res. 2022. PMID: 34558525 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
Pityriasis versicolor: an update on pharmacological treatment options
Introduction: Pityriasis versicolor (PV) is a superficial fungal infection caused by Malassezia species; a yeast that naturally colonizes on the skins surface. High efficacy rates are generally obtained with both topical and systemic treatments. However, recurrence rates following successful treatment remain high and there are no dosage guidelines available for administration of systemic antifungal agents that carry risks of adverse events.
Areas covered: This review focused 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option on providing an overview of existing treatments for PV and an introduction to new treatments. A literature search was conducted using the search strategy, pityriasis versicolor OR tinea versicolor. Over the past decade, few new treatments have been introduced, but the efficacy and the dosing regimens of existing treatments have been systematically reviewed. The results of these reviews are discussed.
Expert opinion: Existing topical and systemic agents are both effective treatments against PV. Previous dosage recommendations for systemic agents have been modified based on recent 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option evidence elucidated in systematic reviews. However, the absence of standardized collection and reporting practices in clinical trials precludes any conclusions to be drawn regarding the efficacy and safety of topical and systemic agents in comparison or in concert with each other.
Keywords: pityriasis versicolor; systemic antifungal; tinea versicolor; topical antifungal; treatment.
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Sharma A, Rabha D, Ahmed G. Sharma A, et al. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2017 Mar-Apr;83(2):249-251. doi: 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option 10.4103/0378-6323.193617. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2017. PMID: 27852993 No abstract available.
Kallini JR, Riaz F, Khachemoune A. Kallini JR, et al. Int J Dermatol. 2014 Feb;53(2):137-41. doi: 10.1111/ijd.12345. Epub 2013 Dec 10. Int J Dermatol. 2014. PMID: 24320140 Review.
Gupta AK, Bluhm R, Summerbell 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option R. Gupta AK, et al. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2002 Jan;16(1):19-33. doi: 10.1046/j.成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option 1468-3083.2002.00378.x. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2002. PMID: 11952286 Review.
Cantrell WC, Elewksi BE. Cantrell WC, et al. J Drugs Dermatol. 2014 Jul;13(7):855-9. J Drugs Dermatol. 2014. PMID: 25007370 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option Clinical Trial.
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Hobi S, Cafarchia C, Romano V, Barrs VR. Hobi S, et al. J Fungi (Basel). 2022 Jul 4;8(7):708. doi: 10.3390/jof8070708. J Fungi (Basel). 2022. PMID: 35887463 Free PMC article. Review.
Georgescu SR, Mitran CI, Mitran MI, Matei C, Popa GL, Erel O, Tampa M. Georgescu 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option SR, et al. J Clin Med. 2022 Mar 9;11(6):1507. doi: 10.3390/jcm11061507. J Clin Med. 2022. PMID: 35329832 Free PMC article. Review.
An overview of ozanimod as a therapeutic option for adults with moderate-to-severe active ulcerative colitis
Introduction: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract involving a dysregulated immune response. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is involved in immune cell regulation. S1P-receptor modulators, such as ozanimod, inhibit lymphocyte migration and have therapeutic potential in UC.
Areas covered: Ozanimod is the first S1P-receptor modulator approved for the treatment of UC. It acts as a functional antagonist, causing internalization of S1P receptors on T-cells. Lymphocyte egress from lymph nodes is inhibited, and migration to sites of active inflammation is curtailed. There are several S1P-receptor subtypes, present in various organs, which inform understanding of ozanimod's 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option side-effect profile including bradycardia and macular edema. In this review, the authors discuss the mechanism of action, 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, and safety profile of ozanimod in the treatment of patients with moderate-to-severe UC.
Expert opinion: The S1P-receptor modulator ozanimod is an oral small molecule with a rapid onset of action and a novel therapeutic mechanism in the treatment of UC. It is an effective treatment both in bio-naïve 成功交易的十大技巧 Expert Option and bio-exposed patients. Although the safety profile of ozanimod looks favorable, more long-term data are needed. Further studies are required to compare ozanimod to currently available therapies to best define its positioning in UC treatment algorithms.
Keywords: Inflammatory bowel disease; ozanimod; small molecules; sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators; ulcerative colitis.
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